The LHCb collaboration et al. Phys. Davidson, N., Przedzinski, T. & Was, Z. However, a bremsstrahlung photon emitted upstream of the magnet will deposit energy in a different part of the ECAL than the electron, which is deflected in the magnetic field. B 753, 424448 (2016). Measurement of the lepton polarization and R(D*) in the decay \(\overline{B}\to {D}^{* }{\tau }^{-}{\overline{\nu }}_{\tau }\) with one-prong hadronic decays at Belle. Charpentier,G. Ciezarek,M. Clemencic,J. Closier,V. Coco,P. Collins,T. Colombo,G. Corti,B. Couturier,C. DAmbrosio,P. dArgent,H. Dijkstra,L. Dufour,P. Durante,T. Evans,M. Fo,M. Ferro-Luzzi,R. Forty,M. Frank,C. Frei,W. Funk,S. Gambetta,C. Gaspar,C. Giugliano,E. L. Gkougkousis,E. Govorkova,L. A. Granado Cardoso,T. Gys,C. Haen,J. Haimberger,C. Hasse,M. Hatch,A. M. Hennequin,R. Jacobsson,S. Jakobsen,D. Johnson,B. Jost,N. Jurik,M. Karacson,F. Keizer,R. D. Krawczyk,D. Lacarrere,R. Lindner,B. Malecki,C. Marin Benito,L. Martinazzoli,R. Matev,Z. Mathe,M. 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LHCb collaboration. Measurement of the differential branching fraction and forward-backward asymmetry for BK(*)+. We are indebted to the communities behind the multiple open-source software packages on which we depend. The results indicate that particles are not behaving in the way they should. To accommodate possible lepton universality violation in these partially reconstructed processes, which are underpinned by the same \(\overline{b}\to \overline{s}\) quark-level transitions as those of interest, the overall yield of such decays is left to vary freely in the fit. The value of RK is found to be consistent in subsets of the data divided on the basis of data-taking period, different selection categories and magnet polarity (Methods). Similar considerations apply to decays with other B hadrons, BH+ and BHe+e, where B= B+, B0, \({B}_{s}^{0}\) or \({\Lambda }_{b}^{0}\), and H can be, for example, an excited kaon, K*0, or a combination of particles such as a proton and charged kaon, pK. We thank our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC, and the technical and administrative staff at the LHCb institutes. However, it is clear that the model is incomplete. 04, 016 (2017). 1, right) and could have non-universal interactions, hence giving branching fractions of B+K++ decays with different leptons that differ from the SM predictions. The LHCb collaboration et al. Phys. The fit projection is superimposed, with a black dotted line describing the signal contribution and solid areas representing each of the background components described in the text and listed in the legend. The distributions of the B+ transverse momentum (pT, left) and the ratio rJ/ (right) relative to its average value \(< {r}_{J/\psi } >\) as a function of pT. The distributions are all normalised to unity. 5, together with the spectra expected for the resonant and non-resonant decays. Background from other exclusive B-hadron decays requires at least two particles to be misidentified. Evidence for an excess of \(\overline{B}\to \ \ {D}^{(*)}{\tau }^{-}{\overline{\nu }}_{\tau }\) decays. The value of q2 is calculated using only the lepton momenta, without imposing any constraint on the m(K++) mass. A. Monroy&J. The Standard Model of particle physics predicts that particles called beauty quarks, which are measured in the LHCb experiment, should decay into either muons or electrons in equal measure. In the resonant-mode distributions, some fit components are too small to be visible. Eur. J. Caria, G. et al. These ratios have been determined to be 2.12.5 standard deviations below their respective SM expectations3,4,5,6,7,16,17,18,19,20,21,22. The muon BDT classifier has similar performance. Extended Data Fig. Phys. In both cases, for both signal and background, the efficiency of the BDT selection has negligible dependence on m(K++) and q2 in the regions used to determine the event yields. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, Heavy flavour physics and CP violation at LHCb: A ten-year review, New UTfit analysis of the unitarity triangle in the CabibboKobayashiMaskawa scheme, Hint of crack in standard model vanishes in LHC data, How the revamped Large Hadron Collider will hunt for new physics. The proportion of signal candidates that migrate in and out of the q2 region of interest is on the order of 10%. Extended Data Fig. Methods A 764, 150155 (2014). No significant trend is observed in the differential determination of rJ/ as a function of any considered variable. Handling of the generation of primary events in Gauss, the LHCb simulation framework. De Aguiar Francisco,S. De Capua,D. Dutta,C. Fitzpatrick,E. Gersabeck,M. Gersabeck,L. Grillo,M. Hilton,G. Lafferty,J. J. For the resonant modes, the results from independent fits to each period/category are shown. This article presents evidence for the breaking of lepton universality in beauty-quark decays, with a significance of 3.1 standard deviations, based on proton-proton collision data collected with the LHCb detector . D 93, 052015 (2016). The region between the dashed vertical lines is rejected. D 94, 072007 (2016). The double ratio of branching fractions, R(2S), defined by. Particle physicists have therefore been searching for new physics, that is, new particles and interactions that can explain the SMs shortcomings. For RK the LHCb measurements are in the range 1.1

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