Appalachia, on the other hand, is a peripheral area where technology is less complex and wages are low. Two characteristics of a state are sovereignty, which refers to its ability to govern itself without external interference, and legitimacy, which refers to the recognition of the states authority by its citizens and other states. Integration stage The use of the new technology increase rapidly providing new benefits and supporting the overall business strategy. True or false: tourism brings only positive factors to Tunisia. (NICs). Is areas that provide the majority of the resources for the industrial core. What are some of the challenges to closing the development gap? The fast world, as distinct from the slow world, is defined by high-level telecommunication and transportation technology. AP HUMAN GEOGRAPHY Scoring Guidelines Question 1: No stimulus In most countries, the concept of the state as a political unit is subject to the tensions between centrifugal and centripetal forces. Indicator of level of development for each country, constructed by United Nations, combining income, literacy, education, and life expectancy. Example: Nike, The gross value of the product minus the costs of raw materials and energy. An example of language convergence is Spanglish, which combines elements of Spanish and English to create a distinct dialect that is used in some regions of the United States and Latin America. Everything you need for your studies in one place. transport network, money from farming, power supplies, communications Answer: A sustainable city is a city that is designed to meet the needs of its residents while also protecting the environment and conserving resources for future generations. Example: The productivity of a certain car, five steps through which all countries must pass to become developed. Standards of living. Industrialization, from ancient history to now, has helped power improvements in standards of living in periphery countries, but it has also contributed to geographically uneven development in semi-periphery countries. Examples include the Great Wall of China, the Pyramids of Giza in Egypt, and the Mayan ruins in Mexico. (D) Explain the concept of gerrymandering and describe one example of how it can be used to manipulate political outcomes. Answer: Two social or cultural consequences of population growth include increased urbanization and changes in family structure. Access to high-levels of education and relatively high levels of female empowerment, Access to reliable medical care and sufficient food security, Access to high-level telecommunication and transportation technology, The ability to vote and to buy and sell on an open market. They have significant economic power and influence and are often accused of exploiting developing countries and undermining local businesses and cultures. The idea that resources come from the periphery and go to the core. Deindustrialization is the process of a region or country losing its industrial base and shifting towards a service-based economy. One effect of suburbanization is placelessness; this is the feeling that you are in the same place wherever you go because the landscape is homogenous like we discussed in Unit 1. roads, power supply, sewerage etc. the number of live births per thousand of population per year. The Core-Periphery Model is used by geographers to describe the division of the world into three segments. Traditional economy: A traditional economy is one that is based on customs, traditions, and the way of life that has been followed for generations. We can reduce uneven development by closing the development gap. However, this has resulted in a power struggle for control over the countries, resulting in conflict and political instability, hindering development further. Of these countries, only Vietnam does not qualify as a country in the semi-periphery. It is considered to be in the periphery due to its low standard of living. The monetary worth of what is produced within a country plus income received from investments outside the country. True or false: microfinance loans can help individuals escape poverty. A British charity called. Investment made by a foreign company in the economy of another country. There is a huge contrast in the number of people living in eastern China compared to the distribution in the western part of the country. Investing in education and training is one way to improve human capital and promote economic development. There are several types of economies, including: So an economy is basically people that buy things from the people that make things. Therefore, if you see any glaring errors or omissions, and wish to give me a heads-up, I can be reached via email at ppaccone@smusd.us. These sources are considered renewable because they are not depleted when used, unlike fossil fuels, which are finite resources that will eventually be depleted. For example, implementing public transportation options can reduce traffic congestion and improve air quality, while green spaces can improve mental health and provide opportunities for community building. Earn points, unlock badges and level up while studying. *Schemes are not always appropriate and not always sustainable long term because of lack of local knowledge. It is characterized by a strong reliance on agriculture, trade, and the bartering of goods and services. What are some of the economic causes of uneven development? Ensure environmental sustainability. Introduction: Geography is more than rote memorization: Geographers ask where things are and why they are where they are. Example: cutting down trees for houses, The portion of the economy concerned with manufacturing useful products through processing, transforming, and assembling raw materials. Development" section in the AP Human Geography Course Description, which includes "accounts of . Newly Industrialised Countries (NICs) are countries which are becoming more industrialised, moving away from agricultural production toward manufacturing industries. the Endangered Languages Program (ELP)), promote bilingual education, or support the development of language revitalization programs in indigenous communities. Factors that contribute to boundary disputes include historical claims to territory, competing territorial interests, and differing interpretations of boundary lines. Example: This could happen in Nepal. Answer: Two economic consequences of urbanization include increased job opportunities and increased income inequality. In Egypt, for . Colonialism refers to the control of countries by another country. We measure development in Geography by using development indicators. processes that incorporate higher levels of education, higher salaries, and more technology: generate more wealth than periphery process in the word economy. Although the other answer choices might be generally true of the differences between fast world countries and slow world countries they are not as close to the exact definition as the correct answer. Stop procrastinating with our study reminders. g. Law of Demand A way to measure the extent of sex inequality set up by the UN Gini coefficient is a measure of inequality developed by an Italian statistician. Are we all living equally? The second sentence says that the people that buy these goods, also known as consumers, buy goods/services that they need and want. People in the poorest parts of the world are primarily engaged in _____________. At December 31, 2016, the book value of the building was$28 million and its tax basis was $13 million. C) Describe two economic consequences of migration, providing an example of each. An example of agglomeration is the concentration of industries in a specific area or region. in tandem. Create beautiful notes faster than ever before. Uneven development can result in large health disparities. I. L/$;cqHi}1Kl@g;)k{Qf7og\E[ah]iahz +qp)4 an attempt to measure the quality of life or well-being of a country. One example of a policy designed to promote sustainable development in the face of population growth is the implementation of renewable energy sources, such as wind or solar power, which can. Refugees are people who are forced to leave their homes, often because it is unsafe to stay. There are stark differences between HICs and LICs. This can be on an economic scale, based upon the general wealth of the country. Economic benefits: Ecotourism can provide economic opportunities for local communities, such as employment and income generation. Example: factory worker or refiner, Economic Sector (Services). 2 - Antilia tower in Mumbai, the second most expensive house in the world. Most fossil fuels, such as oil, natural gas and coal are considered nonrenewable resources in that their use is not sustainable because their formation takes billions of years. It is physically separate from the rest of the United Kingdom, a multinational state. This reduces the workforce and limits its levels of productivity, limiting economic growth. This allows the car manufacturer to reduce the amount of storage space and capital that it needs to hold inventory, and also reduces the risk of parts becoming obsolete or damaged while in storage. C) Describe one way in which a lack of access to resources can impact the quality of life. The differences in development across the world, and how development takes place at different speeds. A growth pole is a specific area or sector that drives economic development in a region. refers to the level fo wealth, comfrot, mateial goods, and necessities available to a certain socioeconomic class or geographic area. An example of its impact on language diversity is the spread of English as a global language, which has led to the loss of other languages and dialects. For example, as populations grow, more people may move to urban areas, leading to increased social isolation and changes in community dynamics. It can also force people to leave a country. (B) Explain how ethnicity can be a factor that leads to the devolution of a state. Go ahead and read the Changing economic world explanation to understand more about the different types of development indicators and how they are used. While a nation and a state can overlap, they are not synonymous. The schemes are usually led by the local people themselves. Think about Mcdonald's or Starbucks! Development classifications are set forever. - Less developed countries. 4) Data administration stage. 4) Drive to maturity - New ideas and technology improve and replace older industries, economic growth spreads throughout the country. Answer: Language convergence refers to the blending of two or more languages into a new, hybrid language. Answer: Transnationalism refers to the ways in which migrants maintain connections to their home countries while also adapting to their new communities. It is recommended that you spend approximately one-third of your time (25 minutes) on each question. Uneven development describes the way development differs across the world, and takes place at different speeds. f. change in quantity demanded This results in uneven development globally. This is because healthcare is typically better, with more access to doctors, and investment into this sector is higher. Improve maternal health combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria, and other diseases. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger. 438 0 obj <> endobj Refer to the reading assignments and the AP Human Geography Vocab Chart file listed below. Answer: Technology can be used to address resource distribution challenges by enabling the efficient distribution of resources, such as through the use of online marketplaces or tracking systems that allow for better tracking and monitoring of resource use. For example, the Kurdish people are a nation that is spread across several different states, while the United Kingdom is a state made up of several different nations. Wildlife watching: This type of ecotourism involves observing and photographing wildlife in their natural habitat. Uneven development describes how development is different across the world. Additionally, as families become smaller due to access to birth control, family structures may become more nuclear and less extended. During colonial times, resources and money would be taken from colonised countries, often for the benefit of the colonising country. It is a clean and environmentally friendly source of power that does not produce greenhouse gases or other harmful emissions. Stop procrastinating with our smart planner features. Be perfectly prepared on time with an individual plan. The consequences of uneven development are wealth disparities, health disparities and international migration. An example of a maquiladora is a factory in Mexico that imports raw materials from the United States, assembles the materials into finished products, and then exports the products back to the United States. AP Human Geography: Practice Tests and Flashcards, The Core-Periphery Model is used by geographers to describe, People in the poorest parts of the world are primarily engaged in, Most of the people in wealthy countries are employed in, In the Core-Periphery Model the semi-periphery includes all of the following except, The back-wash effect can be best described as. The SDGs, which are also known as the Global Goals, aim to create a more sustainable and equitable world for present and future generations. In some cases, this can result in conflict or civil unrest. There is often a huge gap between the very wealthy and the very poor, both in HICs and LICs. One example of post-Fordist production is the use of 3D printing to manufacture customized products on demand. For each value of d.fd . The free-response question no stimulus found there reads as follows: In most countries, the concept of the state as a political unit is subject to the tensions between centrifugal and centripetal forces. Neocolonialism is a term used to describe the continuing economic and political control of a country by a more powerful outside force, even after the formal end of colonialism. Anything not within this line shows the LDCs of the world. Also be sure to answer each question in no more than three sentences, Below is how ChatGPT responded to my request, with this work not yet having been field tested. High school APUSH teacher with much in-class and online teaching experience. is a measure of inequality developed by an Italian statistician. Periphery areas. Ch 1 Key Issue 2: Why is Each Point on Earth, World History and Geography: Modern Times. the division of the world into major economic centers, centers of manufacturing, and extremely poor communities. Each goal is accompanied by a set of specific targets and indicators to help measure progress. (E) Analyze the relationship between language and power, providing at least one example of how language has been used to maintain or challenge power structures. Usually poor. Renewable energy refers to energy sources that are naturally replenished on a human timescale, such as sunlight, wind, water, and geothermal heat. LICs often have poorer access to safe water and suffer from the Impact of Water Insecurity. NICs do secondary. Using development indicators or measures of development. (A) Define the concept of the multinational state. Environmental determinists believe that ecological, climatic, and geographical factors alone are responsible for human cultures and individual decisions . The development level of a country can be shown using development indicators, income labels or the development continuum. Demand and prices can change for these products; if there is an increased supply of the raw materials, then the price will be much lower. It is united with the rest of the island to form a sovereign nation-state. 3) Control stage - Management now gains control over the technology's resources by implementing formal control processes and standards that stifle almost all new projects. F) Explain the concept of sustainable development and describe one example of a policy or program designed to promote sustainable development in the face of population growth. a measure of how many units of currency are needed in one country to buy the amount of goods and services that one unit of currency will buy in another country. The idea that an imaginary line can be draw around the north pole roughly (excluding Australia) that encompasses the MDCs of the world. This can occur due to a variety of factors, including technological change, globalization, and shifts in consumer demand. However, most of the trade systems are controlled by HICs or Transnational Corporations (TNCs). Physical causes of uneven development include climate, natural resource curse theory, and being landlocked. Answer: Globalization can impact resource distribution by creating an increased demand for certain resources, leading to increased extraction and export of those resources from certain regions. Promoting sustainable agriculture: This can involve using sustainable farming practices that minimize the use of synthetic pesticides and fertilizers, conserve water, and protect soil health. Command economy: A command economy, also known as a planned economy, is one in which the government controls the production and distribution of goods and services. It can take place in a variety of settings, such as wetlands, forests, and coastal areas, and can provide opportunities to learn about the behavior and ecology of different bird species. The effectiveness of such programs may depend on factors such as local context, support from government and civil society, and the involvement of the international community. Promote gender equality and empower women. Answer: Migration is the movement of people from one place to another, either within a country or across national borders. fd.f. an index for measurement of gender disparity. Life expectancy is the amount of time a person is likely to live. It can show countries that may have rising economies or those which are becoming more industrialised. No points are deducted for wrong or blank answers on the exam. Coffee is the product. Language is a key aspect of cultural identity and is shaped by a variety of social, historical, and political factors. Round your answer to the nearest cent. Example: Loans to countries in Sub Saharan Africa, Works to reduce barriers to international trade. Geothermal energy: This type of energy is generated using heat from the earth's core to produce electricity or to heat and cool buildings. Definition. We can also look at development on a scale. ( The last section of the core-periphery model). Also a blogger, keynote speaker, editor, podcast host, and conference presenter. Answer: An example of a boundary dispute is the dispute between India and Pakistan over the territory of Kashmir. The Development Gap shows the difference between richer and poorer countries. G) Analyze the effectiveness of one policy or program designed to address the challenges of migration and its consequences.

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